Steam-turbine.



STEAM TURBINE.

APELIOATION F1153?) 0014,1906;

Patented. Mar. 30, 1909.

r Dl 1 P A QKUR QSG L A TYORNE Y.

J, C. PIPER.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED oo'r. 4,1906.

Patented Mar. 30, 1909.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR. Jame s Q. Pip er. BY

ATTORNEY.

J. G, PIPER.

swam TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED OUT. 4,1906. 91 6:?79 g Patented Mar. 30, 1909.

4' SHEETSSHEET 4 W1 1 N E S SE5 JNVEIVTOR. yazf James i. Pipe 1-.

ATTORNEY.

' Fig. 10 is the regulation JAMES C. PIPER, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA ASSIGNOR TO STANDARD ELE( TRIP I'IEAD- LIGHT COMPANY, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, A CORPORATION OF INDIANA.

STEAM-TURBINE Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 30, 1909.

v Application filed October 4, 1906. Serial No. 337,372.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES C. PIPER, of Indianapolis, cgunty of Marion, and State of Indiana, have invented a certain. new and useful Steam-Turbine; and I do hereby declare that thcfolloming is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which like numerals refer to like parts.

The main object of this invention is to pro-- duce' an improved governor-valve for steam turbines such that the valve has absolute, control of the turbine under any variation of, steam or varyin pressure of steam, without.

the steam supply by throttle or other shut-oil valves.

One difliculty heretofore in the governing of steam turbines has been due to the introduction of the steam in direct opposition to the action of the regulating valve and also to the unbalanced character of said valve. In this invention that diilicult-y has been remedied by placing the valve in a steam chamber into which steam is initially admitted so that the steam will pass all about the valve and therefore the valve be balanced and so that the steam from said chamber will pass from the sides through the valve ports to a central passageway in line with the valve and out therefrom through suitable passageways to the Wheel.

The nature of the invention will be more fully understood from the accoinpanyin r drawings and the following description am claims.

In the drawing herewith, Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section throu hthe device with the shaft broken away and the parts in their position during normal operation. Fig. 2 is a section through a portion of the dcvic-eon the line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the device on a line 3--3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a vertical central section of the rear half of the casing along the line 4-4 of Fig. 3. ,Fig. 5 is an'inside elevation of the front Wall of the casing, the up per part being broken away and the governor lever being shown-in part. Fig. 6 is a section. on a line 6-6 of Fig. 5. Pi 7 is a front elevation of a turbine whee with the governor weights thereon; Fig. 8 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 9 is a rear elevation thereof. a perspective view of the stationary buckets. Fi 11 is a central vertical section of a modified construction, with all but the hub portion of the turbine whccl broken away. Fig. 12 is a section on tho lino l2--l2 of Fig. 11.

The turbine consists of a forward casing and a roar casing 11 sccurcd togclhcr by bolts 12. .The rear casing has a centrally located shaft 13 mounted in the bushing H and carrying on its inner end a turbine whccl 15 secured to said shaft by a screw H5. The turbine wheel 15 has secured to it on its rear surface two annular series of buckets 17 and 18 spaced apart so as to pass on each side of two stationary series of reverscly ariangcd buckets 19 secured to the roar hall of the casing by scrcus 20. The steam strikes the outer scrics of buckets 18 from a pair of oppositely located nozzles 21 secured to the front half of the casing 10, as appears in Figs. 3, 5 and 6. The steam passes from tho outer series .18 through thc stationary series 19 and thence through the inner series 17 and out through the exhaust port in this manner thevxhecl is rotatcd and the shaft driven.

Steam is brought to the device through the pipe 25 that screws into a steam chest 26 which is secured by bolts 27 to the front wall 10 of the casing, the inner end of said steam chest fitting in a suitable hole made in the front wall 10 of the casing, as seen in Figs. 1 and 2. The steam from the pipe 25 enters to one side of the direction oi movement of the valve into a chamber 28 in said steam chest surrounding said valve; said chamber being closed at its inner end by a screw cap 29. A tubular valve seat 30 is secured in the steam chest with one end tending into the chamber 28. has a series of ports 31' that are contracted at their ends toward the outlet end of said valve seat 30, as shown in Fig. 1. The inner end of said valve seat 30 is closed and .the outer end opens into the steam passage-way 32, as seen in Fig. 2, which leads in two directions to the passage-way or tubes 33 socured to the front Wall of the casing and leading to the tubes 21. In this manner steam is conveyed to the turbine wheel.

The admission of steam to the turbine is controlled as allows: A sliding valve 34 o c ates on the valve seat 30 to open and c ose the ports 31. It'is cap-shaped and has holes 35 in the head thereof. It is cylin-. drical and ranged peripherally, each corrugation havprovided with corrugations 36 ar- "through the turbine wheel so that the inner ing a radial surface facing the ports in the valve seat and the other surface thereol' inclined away from the ports in the valve seat. The function of these. corrugations is to contribute 'to balancing the valve while the turbine is in motion and the valve is Working on a closed cut-ell. Then the velocity of the steam passing through the ports is so great that the tendency to create. a suction that acs on the valve. l This action, hon-ever, is couiueractml;by the initial pressure of the incoming steam acting against the straight or radial surl'aces of the corrugations. This allows the valve to almost close the ports and yet be balanced. It is mounted Wholly in the chamber 2s and arranged so that the steam can pass in and around it and make it perfectly lailanccd. Therefore, the ports 31 can be gradually closed and by reason ol the conical ends thereol' the steam may be even more gradual and sensitively controlled and'shut oll than if said Dorts were otherwise formed The sliding valve 34 is actuated through the stem 38 on the lever 35) l'ulcruincd at its upper end to a bracket -10 and held inward by a spring ll the tension of which is adjusted by a screw 4-2. A llat plate 43 is centrally pivoted to said lever 39 and sets in an annular recess in a slidin cap 44 mounted loosely over the end of what may be termed the hub of the turbine wheel. Said cap 44 is held inward by llat sprin s 5 lastenod at their upper ends by screws to the turbine Wheel. Said sliding cap 4- actuated and moved outward by three ceuti ugal weights 50 that are lulcrumed at 51 in openings .5;

ends 53 ol said weights will bear against the inner edge ol-said sliding cap 44. hen the speed becomes too great the weights on will be actuated by centrifugal l'orcc to the dotted line position shown in Fig. l, which will cause the inner ends of said weights to. l'orce the sliding cap outward and actuate the sliding valve 34 to diminish or close the ports 31 and the supply of steam. Said valve 34, therel'ore, moves in either direction according to the speed ol the turbine wheel and the action of the governor weights 50. This makes a very sensitive and well regulated steam turbine. It the governor shuts the steam off too readily or not readily enough it may be adjusted by the screw 42 while the turbine is in operation.

Figs. 11 and 12 illustrate a slightly modified form of my invention wherein the steam chamber and valve mechanism are in line With the axis of the turbine Wheel instcad of being to one side as shown in Fig. \d ith this construction the lever 39 is dispensed with, the spring. 4-1 acting against a nut 61 on plate 43 but is screwed upon the inner end of the valve stem The operation of the modified forzn is substantially the same as that of the other.

The steam is taken by the engine from the chamber in the steam (host at all times, and

l into that chest steam is initially and directly conveyed from the boiler so that the steam in said stean. chest is under the boiler pres sure.

Vvhat l claim as my invention to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a steam turbine having a turbine wheel, mechanism for controlling the admission of steam including" a steam chest having a chai'nber into which the steam is initially conveyed, a tubular valve seat extending; into said chamber provided with ports in the side thereof, through which the steam passes from said steam chest, a perforated tubular sliding valve surrounding said valve seat for controlling said ports and located Wholly Within said steam chest with one surface of each corrugation lacing the ports in the valve seat and the other surlace inclined away from said ports, hereby said valve will be balanced, means controlled by the speed of the turbine wheel for moving; said valve, and a steam passage Way leading from the interior of said valve sea t lo the turbine wheel.

in a steam turbine wheel, a cylindrical casing, aturbine wheel-mounted therein, a steam chest located in the Wall of said casing out of aliuement with the axis of the turbine wheel, valve mechanism in said steam chest for controlling the admission of steam, a levcr pivotally connected at one end to the and desire valve in said valve mechanism and extend mg across the axial line through said turbine Wheel and pivoted to the casing, a plate pivotcd l0 said lever at a point in line with the axis of said turbine wheel, a spring held cap on the hub of the turbine wheel engaging the plate pivoted to said lever, and centrifuge-Hy herein named.

JAMES C. PIPER. Witnesses:

N. ALLEMONG,- HELEN B. MoCom). 

